Dr Reena Sengupta

Contraceptive Advice

Certainly! Contraceptive advice involves providing information and guidance on various methods of birth control to help individuals or couples make informed decisions about preventing unintended pregnancies. Here are some common contraceptive methods along with brief information about each:

  • Birth Control Pills:

    • Oral contraceptive pills contain hormones (estrogen and progestin) that prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg.
    • Pills must be taken daily at the same time for maximum effectiveness.
  • Condoms:

    • Male and female condoms are barrier methods that prevent sperm from reaching the egg.
    • They also provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
    • Correct and consistent use is important for effectiveness.
  • Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs):

    • LARCs include intrauterine devices (IUDs) and contraceptive implants.
    • IUDs are small devices placed in the uterus, providing protection for several years.
    • Implants are small rods inserted under the skin, releasing hormones to prevent pregnancy for several years.
  • Depo-Provera (Birth Control Shot):

    • Depo-Provera is an injectable contraceptive that contains progestin.
    • It is administered every three months to prevent ovulation and thicken cervical mucus.
  • Vaginal Ring:

    • The vaginal ring is a hormonal contraceptive device that is inserted into the vagina and releases hormones to prevent ovulation.
    • It is worn for three weeks and then removed for one week to allow for a menstrual period.
  • Diaphragm and Cervical Cap:

    • These barrier methods are inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix and block sperm from entering the uterus.
    • They are used with spermicide and must be fitted by a healthcare provider.
  • Natural Family Planning (Fertility Awareness):

    • Involves tracking menstrual cycles, basal body temperature, and cervical mucus changes to identify fertile days.
    • Couples can avoid unprotected intercourse during fertile periods.
  • Emergency Contraception (Morning-After Pill):

    • Emergency contraception is a backup method used after unprotected intercourse or contraceptive failure to prevent pregnancy.
    • It should be taken as soon as possible after the event.
  • Permanent Methods (Sterilization):

    • Tubal ligation for women and vasectomy for men are permanent methods of contraception.
    • They involve surgical procedures to block or cut the fallopian tubes or vas deferens, preventing the meeting of sperm and egg.

It’s important for individuals to discuss their health history, preferences, and lifestyle with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable contraceptive method. Additionally, regular check-ups can help ensure that the chosen method remains effective and aligns with the individual’s changing needs over time.